RESEARCH ARTICLE


Esterifications in Ionic Liquids with 1-Alkyl-3-Methylimidazolium Cation and Hydrogen Sulfate Anion: Conversion and Phase Equilibrium



Deyan Naydenova, Hans Hasseb, Gerd Maurerb, Hans-Jörg Bart*, a, c
1 Lehrstuhl für Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, TU Kaiserslautern;
2 Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik, TU Kaiserslautern;
3 Center of Mathematical and Computational Modeling, TU Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany


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Creative Commons License
© 2009 Naydenov et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Center of Mathematical and Computational Modeling, TU Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany; E-mail: bart@mv.uni-kl.de


Abstract

The esterification of ethanol, 1-propanol and 1-butanol with acetic acid in three ionic liquids with HSO4 - anion and 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cation was investigated. The ionic liquids are 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [HMIM][HSO4], 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [EMIM][HSO4] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [BMIM][HSO4], which have catalytic activity. Data and modeling on the reaction conversions and the distribution of the compounds between the phases is reported here. Trends for the change in the liquid-liquid equilibrium, with parameters like alkyl chain length on the cation or the alcohol, are discussed and used to estimate the phase behavior of similar esterification systems.