Modern Approaches to the Enrichment and Engineering Processing of Poor Phosphate Ores

Abstract

The article analyzes a large number of published materials on mineralogical and geochemical data for global and Kazakhstan phosphorite reserves, as well as methods of their processing. Early studies were continued by studying the physicochemical features of phosphate ore deposits in terms of lithology and geochemistry. It has been established that Karatau rich phosphorites are the primary marine geosynclinal sediments, deposits of phosphate minerals from natural layers of seawater. The basis for the formation of the mineralogical structure was the movement of the Earth's crust, as well as certain conditions of the seabed relief and the adjacent land. According to information sources, the features of the mineralogical structure of new phosphorite deposits involved in the production of phosphorus and phosphorus-containing compounds are summarized. Comparative information data on the production of yellow phosphorus and its compounds at the only phosphorus plant in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) are presented. Improvements in the wet and dry processing of phosphate ores have been analyzed to identify promising methods for producing phosphorus and mineral fertilizers. An analysis of existing methods for recycling phosphorus production waste, which provides a high level of environmental protection, was carried out. Considering the depletion of rich phosphorite deposits, an analysis of modern methods for enriching and processing poor phosphate ores was presented. Based on the analysis of poor phosphate ores and the physicochemical characteristics of phosphatized shales, methods for improving agglomeration using various hydrocarbon wastes as a fuel component were proposed. At the same time, considerable attention was paid to the methods of disposal and regeneration of solid and gaseous waste.